Catastrophic Cryptography Fails
Cryptography is fragile. A single flipped bit in an initialization vector can destroy the security of AES-GCM.
The Danger of ECB Mode
Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode encrypts identical plaintext blocks into identical ciphertext blocks. The infamous "ECB Penguin" image demonstrates this perfectly: the underlying data pattern remains visible.
| Algorithm | Status | Replacement |
|---|---|---|
| MD5 / SHA1 | Broken (Collision Vulnerable) | SHA-256 / SHA-3 |
| AES-ECB | Broken (Pattern Leaking) | AES-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305 |
| RSA-1024 | Broken (Factored) | RSA-4096 or ECC (X25519) |